Air conditioning cools and lowers temperatures by incorporating a complete refrigeration system within the unit, along with a fan and controllers. The basic principle of refrigeration, based on the components and functions of the refrigeration cycle, involves four processes:
Compression: Refrigerant gas enters the compressor at low temperature and low pressure, where it is compressed, increasing its pressure and temperature before being discharged into the condenser.
Condensation: The high-temperature, high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor enters the condenser, where it transfers heat to the outside air and condenses into liquid refrigerant, flowing towards the throttling device.
Throttling: Also known as expansion, the liquid refrigerant flowing from the condenser, under high pressure, flows towards the throttling device for pressure reduction.
Evaporation: The low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing from the throttling device flows into the evaporator, absorbing heat from the outside air and evaporating into gas, thus lowering the outside air temperature.
The evaporated, low-temperature, low-pressure gas is then drawn back into the compressor for recompression, condensation, throttling, and evaporation, continuously cycling and cooling in this process.
Cooling-only air conditioners have a simple structure, mainly consisting of a compressor, condenser, dryer filter, capillary tube, and evaporator. The applicable ambient temperature range for cooling-only air conditioners is 18℃ to 43℃.
